1、共用尾氣排放和處置設施的風險。企業生產裝置或罐區尾氣共用相同的管道等設施集中收集、集中排放，可能會使不同尾氣相互發生反應，或尾氣串入其他儲罐并與儲罐中的物料發生反應，帶來新的安全風險。同時，因是連通的管道系統，當其中某一點發生火情，會引發整個系統的連鎖火災或爆炸。

1. The risk of sharing exhaust emissions and disposal facilities. The centralized collection and discharge of exhaust gases from enterprise production facilities or tank areas using the same pipelines and facilities may cause different exhaust gases to react with each other or enter other storage tanks and react with the materials in the tanks, posing new safety risks. Meanwhile, as a connected pipeline system, a fire at any point can trigger a chain fire or explosion throughout the entire system.

2、RTO裝置運行風險。一是如果多裝置尾氣排放系統連通，多種氣體在RTO裝置中混合可能會發生反應引發火災爆炸。二是尾氣成分復雜，企業對尾氣的易燃易爆氣體組成、實時排放量缺少深入的分析，不能實時確定進入系統的混合氣體是否達到了爆炸極限，遇點火源易引發爆炸事故。三是裝置中有關設備設施采用易產生靜電的材質，未設置有效的靜電消除設施，在運行過程中易產生靜電引爆爆炸性混合氣體。筆者發現，部分企業的設計方案是采用碳鋼或不銹鋼材質，但在改造施工時卻擅自變更為PP塑料材質。四是尾氣管道未設置阻火器等安全設施，當發生火災時，會導致火焰回串至有關生產裝置或罐區，引發更加嚴重的火災爆炸事故。

2. Risk of RTO device operation. One is that if multiple exhaust emission systems are connected, the mixing of multiple gases in the RTO device may cause reactions and trigger fires and explosions. Secondly, the composition of exhaust gas is complex, and enterprises lack in-depth analysis of the composition and real-time emissions of flammable and explosive gases in exhaust gas, which makes it difficult to determine in real time whether the mixed gas entering the system has reached the explosion limit. Encountering ignition sources can easily lead to explosion accidents. Thirdly, the equipment and facilities in the device are made of materials that are prone to static electricity, and effective static elimination facilities are not installed, which can easily generate static electricity and ignite explosive mixed gases during operation. The author found that some companies' design schemes use carbon steel or stainless steel materials, but they change to PP plastic materials without authorization during the renovation construction. The fourth issue is that the exhaust pipeline is not equipped with safety facilities such as flame arresters. In the event of a fire, it can cause flames to propagate back to relevant production facilities or tank areas, leading to more serious fire and explosion accidents.

3、尾氣吸收或VOCs治理項目施工風險。項目施工過程中，往往涉及動火作業等特殊作業，如果特殊作業管理與承包商管理不到位，忽視尾氣吸收或VOCs治理項目設備設施中可能存在的易燃易爆氣體環境，作業前沒有進行深入的風險分析，沒有采取必要的隔離、吹掃、可燃氣體分析等安全措施，貿然進行動火作業，非常容易引發火災爆炸事故。尤其是當儲罐或反應設備尾氣管線連通排放，改造動火時，雖然動火點所在的儲罐或設備已置換、分析合適，但卻疏忽了在相連的尾氣管線上加盲板進行隔離，導致動火過程中其他儲罐或設備中的易燃氣體串至動火的儲罐或設備，而發生閃爆。

3. Construction risks of exhaust gas absorption or VOCs treatment projects. During the construction process of a project, special operations such as hot work are often involved. If the management of special operations and contractors is not in place, and the flammable and explosive gas environment that may exist in the exhaust gas absorption or VOCs treatment project equipment and facilities is ignored, without conducting in-depth risk analysis before the operation, and without taking necessary safety measures such as isolation, purging, and combustible gas analysis, rashly carrying out hot work can easily lead to fire and explosion accidents. Especially when the tail gas pipeline of storage tanks or reaction equipment is connected and discharged, and hot work is carried out, although the storage tank or equipment where the hot work point is located has been replaced and analyzed appropriately, blind plates are neglected to isolate the connected tail gas pipeline, resulting in flammable gases from other storage tanks or equipment flowing into the hot work storage tank or equipment during the hot work process, leading to flash explosion.

4、電氣設備設施非防爆的風險。尾氣吸收或VOCs治理項目施工中忽略了電氣設施防爆要求，在爆炸危險環境中選用了非防爆電氣設備設施，存在引發火災事故的風險。

4. The risk of non explosion proof electrical equipment and facilities. During the construction of exhaust gas absorption or VOCs treatment projects, the explosion-proof requirements of electrical facilities were ignored, and non explosion-proof electrical equipment and facilities were selected in explosive hazardous environments, which poses a risk of fire accidents.

5、易燃易爆物料罐區氮封異常的風險。企業易燃易爆介質罐區如果氮封系統異常，如氮封壓力不足、氮封系統停運，導致儲罐內進入空氣形成爆炸性混合氣體，在尾氣排放時，爆炸性混合氣體擴散到整個尾氣系統和RTO系統，易引發火災爆炸。

5. The risk of abnormal nitrogen sealing in flammable and explosive material tank areas. If the nitrogen sealing system in the flammable and explosive medium tank area of the enterprise is abnormal, such as insufficient nitrogen sealing pressure or shutdown of the nitrogen sealing system, it will cause air to enter the storage tank and form explosive mixture gas. When the exhaust gas is discharged, the explosive mixture gas will spread to the entire exhaust system and RTO system, which is prone to fire and explosion.

6、易燃易爆物料罐區氮封異常的風險。企業易燃易爆介質罐區如果氮封系統異常，如氮封壓力不足、氮封系統停運，導致儲罐內進入空氣形成爆炸性混合氣體，在尾氣排放時，爆炸性混合氣體擴散到整個尾氣系統和RTO系統，易引發火災爆炸。

6. The risk of abnormal nitrogen sealing in flammable and explosive material tank areas. If the nitrogen sealing system in the flammable and explosive medium tank area of the enterprise is abnormal, such as insufficient nitrogen sealing pressure or shutdown of the nitrogen sealing system, it will cause air to enter the storage tank and form explosive mixture gas. When the exhaust gas is discharged, the explosive mixture gas will spread to the entire exhaust system and RTO system, which is prone to fire and explosion.

7、污水處理設備密閉管理的風險。含油污水池、污水處理系統實行封閉式管理，可能使可燃氣體積聚，易發生爆炸事故。生產車間密閉管理，可能會造成廠房內通風不暢，使逸出的氣體出現積聚，易發生爆炸。

7. The risk of closed management of sewage treatment equipment. The closed management of oil contaminated water tanks and sewage treatment systems may lead to the accumulation of combustible gases and the risk of explosion accidents. The closed management of production workshops may cause poor ventilation in the factory, leading to the accumulation of escaping gases and the risk of explosions.